Cluster formation under bombardment with polyatomic projectiles

Molecular dynamics simulations to explore the role of mass matching in the keV bombardment of organic films with polyatomic projectiles

Molecular dynamics simulations of the bombardment of a organic film on a gold substrate with Au and Au2 projectiles have been performed in order to understand the role of mass matching in the mechanisms for energy transfer. There will be an effective energy transfer from the projectile to the substrate atoms if the atom impacts the substrate unimpeded by molecules in the organic film. When a pr...

Formation of Hot Nuclear Matter with Eight-ion Projectiles

R&D Investments under Endogenous Cluster Formation

We study investments in R&D and the formation of R&D clusters of firms which are competitors in the market. In a three stage game, firms first decide on the budget allocated to their R&D department, then form research clusters and finally compete in quantities. The second stage cluster formation is modeled by the unanimity game introduced in Bloch(1995). We show that for any distribution of R&D...

Energetic ion bombardment of Ag surfaces by C60+ and Ga+ projectiles.

The ion bombardment-induced release of particles from a metal surface is investigated using energetic fullerene cluster ions as projectiles. The total sputter yield as well as partial yields of neutral and charged monomers and clusters leaving the surface are measured and compared with corresponding data obtained with atomic projectile ions of similar impact kinetic energy. It is found that all...

Self-Assembled Gold Nano-Ripple Formation by Gas Cluster Ion Beam Bombardment

In this study, we used a 30 keV argon cluster ion beam bombardment to investigate the dynamic processes during nano-ripple formation on gold surfaces. Atomic force microscope analysis shows that the gold surface has maximum roughness at an incident angle of 60° from the surface normal; moreover, at this angle, and for an applied fluence of 3 × 1016 clusters/cm², the aspect ratio of the nano-rip...